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List of sources

Withdrawal of the transvestite licence

  • Gerd Katter's "transvestite licence" from his bequest, © Magnus-Hirschfeld-Society Berlin.
  • Porträtphoto Gerd Katter: © German Federal Archives Berlin Lichterfelde: R 9361-V/54471, © qualitatively reworked by Kai* Brust.
  • Includes research:
    Katter, Gerd: Autobiographische Aufzeichnungen über das Berliner Institut für Sexualwissenschaft in den 1920er Jahren, in: Kühl, Richard/ Link, Daniela/ Heiberger, Lisa (Eds.): Sexualitäten und Geschlechter. Bielefeld 2024, p. 173-194.

Registration and surveillance

  • Bernhard Strewes letter: © German Federal Archives Berlin Lichterfelde.
  • Includes research:
    Brust, Kai*: „Ich bin wegen dieses alles in allem gehindert“, in: Geschichte und Gesellschaft 2025.

Denunciation

  • Excerpt from a protocol of the Weiblichen Kriminalpolizei: © Berlin State Archives, A Pr. Br. Rep. 030-02-05 No. 114.
  • Includes research:
    Brust, Kai*: Die Zuschreibung von Gendernonkonformität als Werkzeug zum Erhalt der nationalsozialistischen Volksgemeinschaft (unpublished master thesis), TU Berlin, November 2022.

Under Suspicion of Homosexuality

  • Concentration camp admission list: © Brandenburg State Main Archives Potsdam, Pr. Br. Rep. 35H (KZ Sachsenhausen)/32.
  • Drawing of Käte Rogalli: © drawing by Tomka Weiß.
  • Includes research:
    Nunn, Zavier: Trans Liminality and the Nazi State, in: Past & Present 260, Heft 1, August 2023, p. 123–157. und Brust, Kai*: Die Zuschreibung von Gendernonkonformität als Werkzeug zum Erhalt der nationalsozialistischen Volksgemeinschaft (unpublished master thesis), TU Berlin, November 2022.

Apartment Searches

  • Photos of Emilie Kellner's flat: © Berlin State Archives, A Pr. Br. Rep. 030-03 No. 670.
  • Photo von Emilie Kellner: © Berlin State Archives, A Pr. Br. Rep. 030-03 No. 670.
  • Includes research:
    Herrn, Rainer: Schnittmuster des Geschlechts, Gießen 2014.

Confiscation of Clothing

  • Excerpt from a police report: © Berlin State Archives, A Rep. 358-02 Nr. 116782, Microfilm: 548.
  • Photo of _Wild: Idar-Oberstein Town Archive, Abt. 7, Best. 11, No. 6.

Warnings and Threat

  • Excerpt from a police interrogation transcript: © Berlin State Archives, A Rep. 358-02 No. 32273.
  • Includes research:
    Brust, Kai*: Die Zuschreibung von Gendernonkonformität als Werkzeug zum Erhalt der nationalsozialistischen Volksgemeinschaft (unpublished master thesis), TU Berlin, November 2022.

Forced Outings

  • Excerpt from a Gestapo protocol: © Berlin State Archives, A Pr. Br. Rep. 030-02-05 No. 855.
  • Photo of _Spindler: forced photograpy (mugshot) approx. 1939/40, © Berlin State Archives, A Pr. Br. Rep. 030-02-05 No. 855.
  • Includes research:
    Herrn, Rainer: Transvestitismus in der NS-Zeit, in: Zeitschrift für Sexualforschung 26, 2013, p. 330-371.

Forcefully Re-Dressed

  • daily report: © Archive branch of the LWV archive at the Hadamar memorial, K12, No. 1824.
  • Photo of *Otto Kohlmann: © Archive branch of the LWV archive at the Hadamar memorial, K12, No. 1824.
  • Includes research:
    Steinhäuser, Frauke: Als »asozial« im KZ inhaftierte Prostituierte. Zwei Fallbeispiele sozialrassistischer und geschlechtsspezifischer Verfolgung, in: Werkstatt Geschichte 87, Bielefeld 2023, p. 85-101.

Investigative Imprisonment and Declarations of Commitment

  • Declaration of commitment: © Berlin State Archive, A Pr. Br. Rep. 030-02-05 No. 114.
  • Photo of _Halle: © Berlin State Archive, A Pr. Br. Rep. 030-02-05 No. 114.

"Schutzhaft" (Protective Imprisonment)

  • Excerpt protective imprisonment warrant: © Landesarchiv Berlin, A Pr. Br. Rep. 303-02-05 Nr. 195, p. 1.
  • Photo of Ernst Kubbe: © Hans Abraham, Der weibliche Transvestitismus. Diss. Friedrich-Wilhelm-Universität zu Berlin 1921, © Scan from the holdings of the Magnus-Hirschfeld-Society Berlin, Copy created by Rainer Herr from the copy of the dissertation held by the Humboldt University of Berlin.
  • Includes research:
    Herrn, Rainer: Schnittmuster des Geschlechts, Gießen 2014. and Herrn, Rainer: Transvestitismus in der NS-Zeit, in: Zeitschrift für Sexualforschung 26, 2013, p. 330-371.

"Vorbeugungshaft" (Preventive Imprisonment)

  • Vorbeugungshaftbefehl (preventive imprisonment warrant): © Berlin State Archives, A Rep. 358-02 No.121310.
  • Photo of _Richter: private photo, © Berlin State Archives, A Rep. 358-02 No. 121309.

Concentration Camp Imprisonment

  • Video of contemporary witness interview with Kurt von Ruffin: © NDR 1991, Documentation: Wir hatten ein großes „A“ am Bein – Verfolgung Homosexueller im Dritten Reich by Elke Jeanrond and Joseph Weishaupt, Video licence financed through dgti e. V.

Forced Labour

  • Index card from the Flossenbürg concentration camp: © Arolsen Archives, Doc-ID: 12149081, 10834012.
  • Photo of _Breitling: forced photography (mugshot) approx. 1935-37, © Hamburg State Archives, Staatsanwaltschaft Landgericht Strafsachen, 54349.
  • Includes research: by Jako Wende

Forced Photography

  • Poem by Adele Haas: © State Archives of North Rhine-Westphalia, Gerichte Rep. 300 No. 249.
  • Photo of Adele Haas: private Family Photo approx. 1967/8, © Jako Wende.
  • Includes research: by Jako Wende

Lawsuits

  • Charlotte Charlaques letter to the Berlin district court: © Berlin State Archives, A Rep. 348 No. 2238, p. 71.
  • Photo of Charlotte Charlaque: approx. 1933, © Berlin State Archives, A Rep. 348 No. 2238, © qualitatively reworked by Kai* Brust.
  • Includes research:
    Wolfert, Raimund: Charlotte Charlaque, Leipzig 2021.

Name change

  • Excerpt from an application for a name change: © German Federal Archives Berlin Lichterfelde.
  • Photo of *Gert Liehr and his uncle _Gehse: © From the holdings of the Magnus-Hirschfeld-Society Berlin, Magnus Hirschfeld, Geschlechtskunde. Bildteil, p. 326, © qualitatively reworked by Clara Hartmann.
  • Includes research:
    Brust, Kai*: „Ich bin wegen dieses alles in allem gehindert“, in: Geschichte und Gesellschaft 2025.

Censorship

  • Letter by Emi Wolters: © Berlin State Archives, A Rep. 358-02 No. 132643.
  • Photo of Emi Wolters: © Berlin State Archives, A Rep. 358-02 No. 132644.
  • Includes research:
    Brust, Kai*: Briefe nach Berlin. Trans-Geschichte(n) aus den 1930er Jahren, in: Cultures of Rememberance (exhibition), Museum of Capitalism Berlin, November 2023.

Raids on scene locations

  • Accompanying receipt: © Arolsen Archives, Doc-ID: 12149081, 2482000.

Closing of Queer Bars

  • Collage from a Nazi propaganda magazine: © Library of the Austrian Federal Chancellery, Der Notschrei issue III 1933, episode 6, p. 7.

Separation of Relationships

  • Letter by Charlotte Charlaque: Berlin State Archives, C Rep.118-01 No. 14093, p. 39.
  • Foto von Charlotte Charlaque und *Toni Ebel: Fotograf: Ragnar Ahlstedt, approx. 1933, Royal Library Stockholm.
  • Includes research:
    Wolfert, Raimund: Charlotte Charlaque, Leipzig 2021.

Disadvantage in Family Law Matters

  • Excerpt from an interrogation protocol: © Berlin State Archives, A Rep. 358-02 No. 116723.
  • Drawing of Käte Rogalli: © drawing by Tomka Weiß.
  • Includes research:
    Nunn, Zavier: Trans Liminality and the Nazi State, in: Past & Present 260, Issue 1, August 2023, p. 123–157. und Brust, Kai*: Die Zuschreibung von Gendernonkonformität als Werkzeug zum Erhalt der nationalsozialistischen Volksgemeinschaft (unpublished master thesis), TU Berlin, November 2022.

Discrimination in Everyday Life

  • _Winkelmanns letter: © Berlin State Archives, A Pr. Br. Rep. 030-02-05 No. 929.
  • Includes research:
    Herrn, Rainer: Schnittmuster des Geschlechts, Gießen 2014. and Herrn, Rainer: Transvestitismus in der NS-Zeit, in: Zeitschrift für Sexualforschung 26, 2013, p. 330-371.

Job and Home Loss

  • Advertisement from a magazine: approx. 1937.
  • Photo of Hella Knabe: scan from the holdings of the Lili-Elbe-Library: Das 3. Geschlecht. Die Transvestiten, issue 3 1931, p. 31.

Destruction of Trans Healthcare

  • Photo of Dr. Abraham during consultation at the Institute for Sexual Science: Das Kriminal-Magazin, Vol. 1/2029, 5. August, © scan from the holdings of the Magnus-Hirschfeld-Society Berlin.
  • Photo of a ravaged office at the Institute for Sexual Science: © Magnus-Hirschfeld-Society Berlin: collection Adelheid Schulz.

Declared sick

  • Notes by Hertha Wind: © Speyer State Archives, Pfalzklinikum No. 24944.
  • Foto von Hertha Wind: private photo, © Speyer State Archives, Pfalzklinikum No. 24944.
  • Includes research: by Clara Hartmann (Lili Elbe Library).

Sterilization

  • Excerpt from a so-called “intelligence test sheet”: © Hamburg State Archives, 352-87 No. 21038.
  • Photo of *Anni Wündsch: Private photo belonging to the family, approx. early 1970s, © Jako Wende.
  • Including research: by Jako Wende.

Forced Administration of Medication

  • Excerpt from a medical report: © Vienna Town and State Archives, WStLA, Landesgericht für Strafsachen, A11: Vr 1817/1948.
  • Including research: by Jako Wende. as well as Nunn, Zavier: Against anticipation, or, camp reading as reparative to the trans feminine past. A microhistory in Nazi-Era Vienna, in: Gender & History 38, Issue 1, March 2024, p. 191-207. and Brunner, Andreas/ Sulzenbacher, Hannes: Das Projekt der namentlichen Erfassung der homosexuellen und transgender Opfer des Nationalsozialismus in Wien, in: Qwien, WASt (Eds.): Zu spät. Dimensionen des Gedenkens an homosexuelle und transgender Opfer des Nationalsozialismus, Vienna 2015, p. 98-122.
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